Abstract

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine abnormality among reproductive-aged women. This study aimed to investigate the relevance ofmajor nutrient patterns and PCOS. Methods: This age-body mass index (BMI)matched case-control study was conducted among 216 women with and without PCOS.The validated 178-items food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used for drivingnutrient patterns. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship betweennutrient patterns and odds of PCOS. Results: Four major nutrient patterns wereidentified (65 of the variances of nutrient intake), including factor 1) high incarbohydrate, saturated fatty acids (SFA), total fat, and low in Eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA), Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), factor 2) high loadings of SFA, cholesterol,vitamin D, total fat, and total fiber, factor 3) high in total fiber, EPA, DHA, chrome,vitamin C, vitamin D, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and factor 4) highloaded by fat, sodium, SFA, and low in vitamin D. Factor 1 and factor 4 nutrientpatterns significantly increased the odds of PCOS (OR = 7.42; 95 CI 2.86, 18.1; Ptrend< 0.001) and (OR = 11.32; 95 CI 4.3, 29.97; Ptrend < 0.001), respectively. Also, themoderate adherence to factor 3 nutrient pattern had a protective effect on odds of PCOS(OR = 0.77; 95 CI 0.39, 0.98; Ptrend = 0.04). Conclusion: It was found that factor 1nutrient pattern increased the odds of PCOS and factor 3 nutrient pattern decreased therisk of PCOS. More prospective studies are required to confirm the study findings © 2022. Journal of Nutrition and Food Security. All Rights Reserved.