Abstract

Rheological, physicochemical, textural, and sensory characteristics of wheat bread prepared by potassium chloride (KCl) substitution of sodium chloride (NaCl) at dif-ferent ratio (0:100, 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50) in the presence of two dif-ferent fermentation types (Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast starter (YSF) and mixed fermentation based on sourdough (MFSD)) were investigated. Considering the results obtained at this study, the technological characteristics change through KCl substitu-tion ratio which depends on the type of fermentation. In other words, the enhanced activity of microflora in MFSD-fermented samples and decreased activity of yeast in YSF-fermented ones have been found by increasing the ratio of KCl incorpora-tion level. Despite the increased activity of starter microflora in MFSD-fermented samples through increasing the KCl incorporation level, the lowest specific volume (p < .05) is found in SD50 (containing 50%w/w KCl in the presence of MFSD) with a quantity equal to 1.71 ± 0.47 cm3/g confirming its inability to restore gases. No significant difference has been found in KCl substitution levels up to 20%w/w in YSF- fermented samples (Y20) with control (p ≥ .05). The lowest crumb lightness (L*) (65.27 ± 0.12), highest cohesiveness (1.31 ± 0.07 mm), and springiness (0.76± 0.01) is also found in Y20. Considering sensory characteristics perception, no significant dif-ference has been found in textural characteristics perception of Y10 and Y20 contain-ing KCl at 10%w/w and 20% w/w, respectively, in the presence of YSF with control sample (Y). The overall acceptability is also found to be more influenced by texture perception(r= 0 . 8 27, p<.00).